Exploring Advanced Types in TypeScript

TypeScript provides advanced type features to model complex structures and enhance type safety. This guide introduces interfaces, type aliases, and enums.

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Interfaces

Interfaces define the shape of an object. They can be reused and extended.

interface User {
    name: string;
    age: number;
    email?: string; // Optional property
}

let user: User = {
    name: "Bob",
    age: 28
};

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Type Aliases

Type aliases are similar to interfaces but can also represent unions and other complex types.

type ID = string | number;

let userId: ID = "123"; // Valid
userId = 456;           // Valid

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Enums

Enums define a set of named constants.

enum Role {
    Admin,
    User,
    Guest
}

let userRole: Role = Role.Admin;
console.log(userRole); // Output: 0 (default enum index)

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Key Differences Between Interfaces and Type Aliases

• Interfaces are ideal for defining object shapes and can be extended or implemented.
• Type aliases are more flexible and can represent primitive or union types.

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Practical Use Cases

1. Use interfaces for objects and classes.
2. Use type aliases for union types and complex mappings.

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Next Steps

The next article will cover:

• Generics for building reusable components.
• Working with TypeScript in real-world scenarios.

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Keep learning TypeScript to master its advanced features!